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Gil Boyne on Hypnotherapy Regulation
The anxiety- and pain-reducing effects of music interventions: a systematic review.
Musical interventions have been used in health care settings to reduce patient pain, anxiety, and stress, although the exact mechanism of these therapies is not well understood. This article provides a systematic review of 42 randomized controlled trials of the effects of music interventions in perioperative settings. Music intervention had positive effects on reducing patients' anxiety and pain in approximately half of the reviewed studies. Further research into music therapy is warranted in light of the low cost of implementation and the potential ability of music to reduce perioperative patient distress. (c) AORN, Inc, 2008.
AORN J. 2008 Apr;87(4):780-807 Nilsson U. Centre for Health Care Sciences and Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden.
During my military career and while living in the southeast United States frequently I have come upon people who are addicted to dipping snuff or having a piece of chewing tobacco in their mouths. It seems to have become a habit that is encouraged in certain cultures. While there are some that are proud of their habit and feel that the little circle that a tobacco can makes in the back pocket of their jeans is a status symbol, still most people find the habit rather disgusting. Even many addicted users admit this as well.
Unlike smokers, those that chew or sniff tobacco products...
When looked at as a part of the theories of Sigmund Freud, the ego is part of a psychic apparatus, which also includes the id in the super-ego. Together the ego, id, and super-ego can be explained as personality, instinct, and critical self-awareness. However, for this article I'm going to regard the ego has been your personality and self-awareness.
Exploring the concept of ego can involve many competing philosophies. It would suffice at this point to regard the ego as a collection of values, beliefs, and attitudes. When I hear someone say that they do something or think a certain way as...
Can certain rewards motivate a person to be more successful when attempting to achieve various goals? I work with people who come to me because they desire to reach many different goals such as financial, weight loss, stop smoking, etc. Also, I work with those who have health or behavioral-related goals such as reducing pain, getting relief from fibromyalgia symptoms, and overcoming anxieties and phobias.
At the risk of over simplification, I would suggest this issue can be view in two steps. First, the intention needs to be established. Second, the body needs to realize a corresponding...
